Researchers conducted a literature search using Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases to identify studies providing data on the association between antibiotic use and newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease. A total of 11 observational studies that included 7,208 patients diagnosed with IBD were analyzed.
Antibiotic exposure was significantly associated with Crohn’s disease but was not significant for ulcerative colitis. Also, exposure to antibiotics most markedly increased the risk of Crohn’s disease in children.
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