Dozens of patients have filed lawsuits alleging that GLP-1 medications made by Novo Nordisk and Eli Lilly, including Ozempic, Wegovy, Zepbound and Mounjaro, caused a rare form of sudden vision loss called nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy, or NAION, ABC News reported Sept. 21.
The claims follow a 2024 study from a Boston health system that suggested a possible link between semaglutide, the active ingredient in Ozempic and Wegovy, and NAION in patients with type 2 diabetes. Subsequent research has produced mixed results, and researchers say causation has not been established.
The European Medicines Agency estimates that up to 1 in 10,000 GLP-1 users with diabetes may develop the condition. The FDA said it routinely monitors the safety of drug products after they reach the market but has not confirmed a causal link between GLP-1 drugs and NAION.
Dr. John Chen, a professor of ophthalmology and neurology at Mayo Clinic, said the data show only a possible association. “If there is an association, it’s a very low risk,” Dr. Chen said. Dr. Raj Maturi, a clinical spokesperson for the American Academy of Ophthalmology and an ophthalmologist at Midwest Eye Institute, echoed that assessment, noting causation remains unproven and the risk “does seem to be rare.”
Regulators in Europe and Australia have already flagged the potential risk, while the FDA continues to evaluate reports as GLP-1 drugs remain among the most widely prescribed medications in the U.S., used by millions of patients for diabetes and weight management.
At the Becker’s 32nd Annual Meeting: The Business and Operations of ASCs, taking place October 29-31 in Chicago, ASC leaders, surgeons and healthcare executives will explore strategies to drive growth, enhance operational performance, navigate reimbursement challenges and prepare for the future of ambulatory surgery. Apply for complimentary registration now.
