• Oral formulations of 5-aminosalicylic acid: first-line medications to induce and maintain remission
• Conventional corticosteroids: given to patients who do not respond to 5-ASA formulations within 10 to 14 days
• Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine: American Gastroenterological Association and American College of Gastroenterology guidelines suggest AZA or 6-mercaptopurine for patients with severe flares of UC
• Cyclosporine: intravenous cyclosporine A is a second-line therapy for patients with severe and corticosteroid-refractory UC
• Anit-TNF antibodies: infliximab, adalimumab and golimumab
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